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DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>Intense fighting is reported on the outskirts Basra as Iraq's second city of&amp;nbsp;two million — in a flashback to the 1991 Gulf War — suffers from a severe water crisis. </FONT></DIV>&#13;&#10;<DIV class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot; align=right>&#13;&#10;<TABLE width=10 align=right border=0>&#13;&#10;&#13;&#10;<TR>&#13;&#10;<TD align=middle><FONT face=Arial size=2><IMG height=150 src=_/mritems/images/2003/3/24/1_933_1_6.html width=190 border=0></FONT></TD></TR>&#13;&#10;<TR>&#13;&#10;<TD class=imgcaption id=Comment dir=rtl vAlign=top align=middle><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial><STRONG><FONT size=1>A British soldier hands out water to Iraqi detainees in the south of the country</FONT></STRONG>&amp;nbsp;</FONT></FONT></TD></TR></TABLE></DIV></SPAN>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = &quot;urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office&quot; /><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>Residents went without electricity and treated water for the third day running. Because Basra’s electricity had been shut down, the city’s main water plant was not functioning.<SPAN style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;>&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>Civilians were reportedly drinking directly from polluted river water at the Shatt Al-Arab waterway.<SPAN style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;>&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp;&amp;nbsp; </SPAN></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>Speaking to reporters on Monday, United Nations Secretary General, Koffi Annan called for “urgent measures” to rescue the residents of the southern Iraqi town from “a<SPAN style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;> </SPAN>humanitarian disaster.”</FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot;><SPAN style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US&quot;><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&quot;A city of that size cannot afford to go without electricity or <o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot;><SPAN style=&quot;mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Simplified Arabic'; mso-fareast-language: EN-US&quot;><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>water for long,&quot; he said.<SPAN style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;>&amp;nbsp; </SPAN><o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-layout-grid-align: none&quot;><B><SPAN style=&quot;FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: System; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-family: System; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-QA&quot;><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></SPAN></B></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>The International committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) called the situation an emergency, but was unable to send in specialists to service Basra’s main water treatment plant due to the fighting. </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>In the 1991 Gulf War, US-led allies repeatedly struck water storage and treatment and facilities. Since then, thousands of Iraqis have died from outbreaks of&amp;nbsp;water-borne diseases such as typhoid, dysentery, hepatitis, cholera and polio that reached epidemic levels.</FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>&quot;Water facilities were destroyed in 1991 to put pressure on Saddam Hussein to leave Kuwait,” said<SPAN style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;>&amp;nbsp;</SPAN>a retired US army colonel who preferred not to be named. </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>But loss of power in Basra may have also been the result of an inadvertent attack, he said, or a tactic employed by government loyalists to cloak themselves in darkness as they attempted to defend the city.</FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><o:p><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></o:p></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></SPAN>&amp;nbsp;</P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>However George Washington University professor, Thomas Nagay has obtained and published US Defence Department documents that revealed water facilities were in fact, deliberate targets in 1991. </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>According to Nagay, the Defence Intelligence Agency foresaw the humanitarian crisis that befell the Iraqi people&amp;nbsp;in a 1991 document entitled “Disease Outbreaks in Iraq,” which says: </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P dir=ltr><SPAN style=&quot;FONT-FAMILY: Times&quot;><FONT face=Arial size=2>&quot;Conditions are favorable for communicable disease outbreaks, particularly in major urban areas affected by coalition bombing.&quot; It adds: &quot;Infectious disease prevalence in major Iraqi urban areas targeted by coalition bombing (Baghdad, Basra) undoubtedly has increased since the beginning of Desert Storm. . . . Current public health problems are attributable to the reduction of normal preventive medicine, waste disposal, water purification and distribution, electricity, and the decreased ability to control disease outbreaks.&quot;</FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P dir=ltr><SPAN style=&quot;FONT-FAMILY: Times&quot;><FONT face=Arial size=2>The document lists the &quot;most likely diseases during next sixty-ninety days: diarrheal diseases (particularly children); acute respiratory illnesses (colds and influenza); typhoid; hepatitis A (particularly children); measles, diphtheria, and pertussis (particularly children); meningitis, including meningococcal (particularly children); cholera (possible, but less likely).&quot; </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>Critics of the US military tactics during the 1991 Gulf War are quick to cite Article 54 of the Geneva Convention. It states: </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>“It is prohibited to attack, destroy, remove, or render useless objects indispensable to the survival of the civilian population, such as foodstuffs, crops, livestock, drinking water installations and supplies, and irrigation works, for the purpose of denying them for their sustenance value to the civilian population or to the adverse party, whatever the motive, whether in order to starve out civilians, to cause them to move away, or for any other motive.” </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>The Pentagon claims food and medicine supplies are on the way to the Basra area, and will be delivered&amp;nbsp;as soon as&amp;nbsp;the area is “secure.”</FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT size=2><FONT face=Arial>&amp;nbsp;<o:p></o:p></FONT></FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>But, Dennis Haliday, formerly the head of the Oil for Food program, criticised the US for not immediately providing water to Basra residents. </FONT></SPAN></P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT></SPAN>&amp;nbsp;</P>&#13;&#10;<P class=MsoNormal dir=ltr style=&quot;MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt; DIRECTION: ltr; unicode-bidi: embed; TEXT-ALIGN: left&quot;><SPAN lang=EN-GB><FONT face=Arial size=2>Ironically, he noted, the US has been able to provide water for fighting oil fires.</FONT><SPAN style=&quot;mso-spacerun: yes&quot;>&amp;nbsp;</SPAN></SPAN></P>" xmlns:UDF="http://mycompany.com/mynamespace" xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"> <TABLE id=AutoNumber5 style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" borderColor=#111111 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0 xmlns:UDF="http://mycompany.com/mynamespace" xmlns:msxsl="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:xslt"> <TBODY> <TR> <TD> <TABLE id=AutoNumber5 style="BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse" borderColor=#111111 cellSpacing=0 cellPadding=0 width="100%" border=0> <TBODY> <TR> <TD dir=ltr width="100%"><A href="http://www.thememoryhole.org/media/al-jazeera/xml/topics/printarticle31ab.xml?cu_no=1&amp;item_no=1029&amp;version=1&amp;template_id=277&amp;parent_id=258"><IMG hspace=5 src="article-basra-crisis_files/print.gif" align=right vspace=5 border=0></A><IMG onmouseover="this.style.cursor = 'hand' ;" onclick=SendByEmail(); 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